The study comprised 14 noncommercialized hybrids seven pairs of nearisogenic bt and nonbt hybrids and four nonbt commercial hybrids. Studies on management of stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe in maize. The electrophoretic protein patterns during larval development of chilo partellus have been studied. The main objectives for this study were to identify and determine genetic diversity in stemborers infesting sugarcane in malawi. Pyralidae at peshawar and swat valleys of khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan manzoor ahmad mashwani farman ullah, shahid sattar, sajjad ahmad and muhammad anwar khan department of plant protection, agricultural university, peshawar pakistan. Pdf genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in. Chilo partellus is an efficient colonizer and competitor and may have an advantage under limited resources typical under climate change.
Combining ability of maize inbred lines resistant to chilo partellus swinhoe in the midaltitude. A study was conducted to assess the performance of maize hybrids with bt event mon810 bthybrids against the maize stem borer busseola fusca fuller in a biosafety greenhouse bgh and against the spotted stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe under confined field trials cft in kenya for three seasons during 202014. Sugarcane is one of the most valuable crops in the world. Crambidae are gramineous stem borers that occur sympatrically in the sou we use cookies to enhance your experience on our website. Cotes 1889 as the sorghum borer and it was exceedingly abundant in the central provinces indian museum notes, 1900. Pyralidae, commonly known as spotted stem borer ssb, is an invasive and polyphagous pest that hampers maize. Eggs of maliarpha separatella are usually protected in leaf folds around each egg mass. Cereal crops are infested from early whorl stage and losses induced by larvae of ch. A common hplcpda method for amino acid analysis in. This species is the most important at altitudes below 1500 meters above sea level. The results of both the field experiments were somewhat similar where seed dressers confidor and actara were found considerably. Maize stem borer msb, chilo partellus swinhoe, lepidoptera. The larvae caterpillars are yellow to pink with dark spots.
Differential resistance reaction of maize genotypes to. Genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in chilo. Chilo partellus is a major crop pest in asia and africa, and has recently spread to the mediterranean region. Vetiver grass as trap plant for chilo partellus 451 batches per plant with 3. Larval dispersal of the invasive fall armyworm, spodoptera. Some species parasitize caterpillars of species considered as pests.
Combining ability among twenty insect resistant maize. Resistance of btmaize mon810 against the stem borers. Its invasion potential may also probably stem from its short generation time, overwintering physiology, temperature and relative humidity resilience, wide host preferences, and asynchrony with its biocontrol. Chilo partellus might be escaping parasitism as a result of asynchrony leading to an increase in the number of generations, as well as expansion to other regions. However, the identity and genetic diversity of stemborers infesting sugarcane in malawi is unknown. In eastern and southern africa, research also concentrates on this stem borer. Recent studies have indicated that the pest is spreading to new locations where it was not reported before. Since the appearance of the stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe on the african continent in 1932, it has continuously expanded its distribution in the warm, lowaltitude regions of eastern and southern africa. Effect of pesticides against chilo partellus swinhoe damaging stem of maize vishal singh raghuvanshi1 and k s rana2 research paper the maize stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe is one of the most destructive pests. During the vegetative growth stage, smallsized larvae were typically found behind leaf sheaths and in whorls in maize and sorghum.
The effect of the adjuvant, breakthru s240, on whorl. Comparative studies on the fecundity, egg survival, larval. Among a very large number of typical mechanoreceptor hairs on the tip of the ovipositor valves, two pairs of. The occurrence of this insect in turkey was first reported in maize growing areas of some provinces. First record of the egg parasitoids of chilo partellus. Sardar vallabhbhi patel universiy of agriculture and technology meerut u. Pyralidae, in relation to weight of females and time of oviposition. Oviposition behaviour and the sensilla of the ovipositor. An investigation to study the seasonal incidence and management of stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe and shoot fly, atherigona soccata rondani in maize was carried out for two consecutive seasons i. Bleszynski 1970 published a thorough revision of all known species of chilo on a world basis and clarified many taxonomic confusions. Genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits in chilo partellus swinhoe. The severity of stem borer damage can result in severe loss of crop stand when seedlings are.
Males of the maize stem borer, chilo partellus, were tested in a flight tunnel for their response to variation in the two major female sex pheromone gland components, z11hexadecenal and the corresponding alcohol oh. Attacks sorghum, maize, millet, rice, sugarcane, jobs tears and many grasses. Efficacy of different insecticides against maize stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepicoptera. Behaviour and biology of chilo partellus on maize landraces article pdf available in entomologia experimentalis et applicata 1532 october 2014 with 458 reads how we measure reads. Chilo partellus is one of the most serious maize stem borer. Muhammad jamshad arshad, shoaib freed, saleem akbar, muhammad akmal and hafiza tahira gul abstract the current experiment was conducted to check the efficacy of different nitrogen doses on the bionomics of maize stem borer chilo partellus lepidoptera. Pdf behaviour and biology of chilo partellus on maize landraces. An increase in population is known to create intraspecific competition amongst the host species and this may facilitate the migration of c. Report by journal of pure and applied microbiology.
Host plant resistance is the costeffective, ecologically sound and stable approach to reduce damage by stem borers. Spotted stemborer, chilo partellus, developmental stages. Identification and validation of potential reference gene for. In addition, invasive species, such as the fall armyworm faw, spodoptera frugiperda je smith lepidoptera. In west africa, the maize stalk borer, busseoja fusca, is of primary concern. Amongst insect pests, maize and jowar borer chilo partellus, swinhoe is the most important and serious one, which attacks and damages all parts of the maize plants except roots. Chilo partellus swinhoe, 1885 chilo perfusalis hampson, 1919. Egg weight, batch size and fecundity of the spotted stalk borer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Nderitub ainternational maize and wheat improvement center cimmyt,nairobi kenya. Pyralidae is one of the most important insect pest of maize in nepal.
Damage or larval feeding to the developing point of maize plants results in dead hearts, which is significant during the first 23 weeks after seedlings emerge 1617. In the field prediapause larvae were found in maize plants of different developmental stages, ranging from early vegetative to beyond maturity. Nitrogen fertilizer application in maize and its impact on. Cotesia flavipes pdf cotesia is a genus of braconid wasps. Effect of temperature and relative humidity on the. Pyralidae, commonly known as spotted stem borer ssb, is an invasive and polyphagous pest that hampers maize production worldwide 1, 2. Moreover, chilo partellus is composed of 7 to 100% of the population of stem borer species and cause a damage of 1 to 100% in the same zone at the elevation range of 1492 to 2084 m. In heavy infestation, the insect damages up to 50% of the maize crop which is liable to secondary attack by other pathogen 11, 12. Effect of temperature on the phenology of chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera, crambidae. It is found in india, pakistan, ethiopia, lesotho, madagascar, malawi, south africa, sudan, tanzania, uganda and on mayotte. Crambidae, is one of the most important insect pests attacking maize and sorghum in ethiopia.
This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. In the current study, laboratory investigations were carried out to determine the combined effect of different levels of relative. Distribution maps of major crop pests and diseases in africa map no. Larvae cause serious damage to rice, corn, sorghum, and sugarcane by boring into the leaf funnels. Screening of maize inbred lines for resistance to stem. Variation of the alcohol in seven levels from 2 to 29% oh showed the highest male response for 17% oh.
The potential global distribution of chilo partellus. To study the relative efficacy of different insecticides as seed dressers, granules and foliar formulations against maize stem borer msb chilo partellus in maize crop, two experiments were conducted at peshawar and swat valleys of khyber pakhtunkhwa, pakistan. Pdf physicochemical mechanisms of resistance in sorghum. Chilo partellus was first described by swinhoe 1885 as crambus partellus. The seasonal occurrence and spatial distribution of the crambine stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe were investigated in maize, zea mays, and sorghum, sorghum bicolor, fields at the kenya coast. The study comprised 14 noncommercialized hybrids seven pairs of near. Pdf population dynamics of maize stem borer, chilo. The incidence of infested plants at the site was 30% and only c. Plant traits as resistance influencing factors in maize. Original research effectiveness of granular and liquid. Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page chilo partellus was first described by swinhoe in 1885 and is one of many species of chilo that develop on cereal crops and wild grasses, mostly in the tropics. Eight essential oil compounds were evaluated against the maize borer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Distribution and sampling of chilo partellus lepidoptera.
Pyralidae, to determine their influence on oviposition and feeding behavior. Maize leaves 3 cm each were excised and immersed in 50 ml bt suspension of 0. Competitive displacement of busseola fusca lepidoptera. Physicochemical mechanisms of resistance in sorghum to chilo partellus swinhoe article pdf available in indian journal of experimental biology 561. Gradual increase in no of protein fractions from 1 to 2 day and decrease from 2 to 4 day larvae was observed. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. The crambid chilo partellus is an exotic stemborer species accidentally introduced in east africa sometime before the 1930s harris, 1990. This study was conducted at a farm near buhrmansdrift in the northwest province. Vein 10 free, whereas vein 11 curved and approximated to vein 12. Chilo partellus lays eggs in a herringbone pattern usually on the upper surface of the leaf along the midrib fig. Determination of insecticidal activity of kenyan bt.
Babasaheb ambedkar marathawada university aurangabad, maharashtra 431004, india. Insecta, holometabola, lepidoptera, crambidae geographical distribution. Chilo partellus is highly invasive, and has partially displaced some indigenous stem borers in. Pyrlidae under laboratory and field conditions applied on three maize hybrids i. Oviposition and feeding behavior of the maize borer, chilo. Prospects for cultural control of the stalk borers, chilo partellus swinhoe and busseola fusca fuller, in summer grain crops in south africa. An improved alternative artificial diet for mass rearing of. Yield losses due to stem borers are attributed to their progressive feeding at larvae stage, which had a tunnelling effect in. Chilo partellus larvae were subject to a treatment of one dose of a predetermined amount of bt toxin. Development of transgenic sorghum for insect resistance. Knowledge of its potential distribution can inform biosecurity policies aimed at limiting its further spread and efforts to reduce its impact in areas that are already invaded. By continuing to use our website, you are agreeing to our use of cookies.
Noctuidae, and the exotic stemborer chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Chilo partellus, the spotted stalk borer, is a moth in the family crambidae. Determination of genetic diversity in chilo partellus. Native and exotic lepidopteran stemborers significantly limit sugarcane production. New sources of resistance to spotted stem borer, chilo. Crambidae is an invasive insect species attacking maize zea mays l. Pyralidae, commonly known as spotted stem borer ssb, is an invasive and polyphagous pest that hampers maize production worldwide 1,2. Science and technology, general borers insects health aspects prevention corn diseases and pests disease resistance plants observations plant immunology. We examined genetics of diapause in chilo partellus by crossing the hibernating hd, aestivating ad, posthibernating phd, postaestivating pad, and nondiapause nd strains. However, the number of eggs per batch recovered from vetiver were signi.
Dominance of spotted stemborer chilo partellus swinhoe. Management of stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe in maize. Vein 7 straight and well separated from veins 8 and 9. Save nature to survive population dynamics of stem. The infected plants have stunted stems, impaired photosynthetic capacity, and broken tassels and stems 3, leading to low fodder and grain production. Pdf effect of temperature on the phenology of chilo. Chilo partellus swinhoe and chilo orichalcociliellus strand lepidoptera. Chilo partellus swinhoe in maize crop and its irfan ullah khan, muhammad nawaz, fazal said, kamran sohail, subhanullah abstract two years studies on integrated pest management of maize stem borer, chilo parttellus in maize and its impact on yield were conducted during the crop seasons 2008 and 2009 at the cereal crops research. Pdf genetic regulation of diapause and associated traits. A egg, b larva, c pupa, d adult female, and e adult male. Eleven artificial diets with principal baseingredients as pulses and beans, viz. Research experimentations were carried out on maize to control stem borer using conventional pesticides under field condition during summer season of two consecutive years from 2015 to 2016 at rampur, chitwan.
Identification and validation of potential reference gene. The spotted stemborer, chilo partellus swinhoe lepidoptera. Several poaceae gramineae, especially corn maize, sorghum, and rice morphology. In heavy infestation, the insect damages up to 50% of the maize crop which is. The stem borer chilo partellus swinhoe is one of the most destructive pests of maize crop. Observations of oviposition behaviour by chilo partellus revealed that antennae, ovipositor tip and possibly tarsi were all involved in the choice of oviposition site. It is found in india, pakistan, ethiopia, lesotho, madagascar, malawi, south africa, sudan, tanzania, uganda and on mayotte c. Crambidae, may displace indigenous stemborers on maize in africa.
The spotted stem borer is native to asia and is a pest of sugarcane, maize, and sorghum. Effects of thermophotoperiod on induction and termination of hibernation in chilo partellus swinhoe volume 107 issue 3 m. Chilo partellus is reported the most important pest in east africa and many countries of subsaharan africa accounting over 49% yield losses seshu reddy, 1998. Chilo partellus is a pest of sorgum, corn, and rice in the middle east, india, and parts of africa. Woundinducible promoter introduction sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Combining ability among twenty insect resistant maize inbred lines resistant to chilo partellus and busseola fusca stem borers h. Screening of maize inbred lines for resistance to stem borer, chilo partellus swinhoe under natural infestation. Effects of thermophotoperiod on induction and termination of. This type of feeding is described by pin holes and window panes 1819. Babasaheb ambedkar marathawada university aurangabad. East and south africa, the middle east, india and pakistan host plants. Pyralidae at peshawar and swat valleys of khyber pakhutunkhwa, pakistan.